Western officials say Moscow has hesitated to buy ballistic missiles from Tehran out of concern that Ukraine’s allies would in response supply Kyiv with long-range rockets.
Iran has provided Russia with hundreds of kamikaze drones that have been used to attack Ukrainian infrastructure. Western countries say the Islamic Republic is open to further military cooperation with Russia.
However, Financial Times quoted some western officials that despite pressures on its own supplies, Russia has held back from purchases of Iran’s long-range ballistic missiles.
According to assessments in NATO countries, the Kremlin is afraid that Washington might provide Kyiv with the long-sought ATACMS missile system, whose 300km range could reach deep into Russian held territory in Crimea.
“The system has almost four times the range of US-supplied Himars missile systems that Ukraine has used to devastating effect against Russian forces,” adds the report.
Iran’s Fateh-313 and Zulfiqar ballistic missiles have ranges of 500km and 700km respectively.
Helped by Russia, Iran has developed the largest fleet of ballistic missiles in the Middle East under a program that Washington described in 2019 as “increasingly accurate” and “sophisticated”.
Western Officials say the Islamic Republic and Russia explored exchanging modern weaponry for ballistic missiles but those talks have stopped because of the potential repercussions of such a deal for both sides.
During a session for examining next year’s budget bill, Seyed Ghani Nazari, the representative of Khalkhal in northwestern Ardabil Province, used his time to speak about his constituents’ anger over the poisoning of schoolgirls in his district.
An ultra-hardliner member of the National Security and Foreign Policy Committee, Javad Karimi Ghodousi, who was standing behind Nazari, kept interrupting him while other lawmakers also shouted to drown his voice. Speaker Mohammad-Bagher Ghalibaf also intervened, asking Nazari to only speak about the budget bill.
“Mr Ghalibaf, what do you expect me to talk about when students were hospitalized in Khalkhal? It’s my duty to demand the government and responsible bodies to investigate. My phone has been ringing since morning and people are asking me to pursue the matter,” Nazari said as other lawmakers joined in the dispute, shouting and gathering around Nazari.
Ghodousi later alleged that those who speak about the poisoning incidents could be “adding fuel to the enemy’s fire”.
The parliament has established a working group to investigate the incidents of mysterious poisonous gas attacks on girls’ schools that have now spread to around 100 cities.
Poisoning of students was reported in at least 80 more schools across the country Sunday.
Hardliners and government officials are increasingly attributing the gas attacks to “students’ pranks” or “enemies of the Islamic Republic”.
Authorities have yet not offered any report on the incidents or on findings based on samples taken from over 1,500 students who have been hospitalized since the first incident took place in the religious city of Qom on November 30.
The ultra-hardliner Kayhan newspaper whose chief editor Hossein Shariatmadari is an appointee of the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei on Saturday claimed that opposition groups such as the Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK) have been perpetrating the attacks on behalf of foreign enemies and casting the blame on religious groups in Iran or the government.
“It’s worthy of note that certain western governments and intelligence services have a long history of committing crimes and blaming others for them including the chemical attacks by their Sunni extremist mercenary groups in Syria for which they blamed the Syrian government. The CIA and Mossad have committed many acts of biological terror,” Kayhan wrote.
However, such claims are countered by citizens that how the ‘enemy’ is able to conduct such widespread attacks if the government has control over the country.
The IRGC-linked Fars News Agency on Sunday claimed that experts believe pranks by teenage students or “mass phobia” are the most likely explanations for the mysterious poisonings.
Given the highly synchronized nature of the attacks, many in Iran accuse the government of having a direct role in the poisoning of schoolgirls, as revenge for their rejection of the hijab and their active role in the Woman, Life, Freedom protests in the past few months. Even if some fundamentalist groups are behind the chemical attacks the government stands accused of covering up their crime.
“People from inside the system must be collaborating with the perpetrators,” wrote Abbas Akhoundi, a roads and urban development minister in Hassan Rouhani’s government, in Shargh newspaper Saturday.
Some medical experts such as Dr. Mohammadreza Hashemian, an official of Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran where many of the victims have been treated, have pointed out that the gases suspected of being used by the attackers seem to be composed of various chemicals that are not accessible to ordinary people.
Last Sunday the rial had dropped to 600.000 against the US dollar, but exactly a week later it stood at a little over 500,000 on March 4, probably over hopes that the Islamic Republic would opt for closer cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency, and what some in Iran hope would lead to a resumption of talks with the United States.
Despite the rebound, the rial is still down 100 percent since President Ebrahim Raisi took office in August 2021, as Iran suffers from both lack of oil export income and a crisis in its domestic economy. Although the rial might rise some more but it is a fundamentally weak currency as long as Iran has not reached a new nuclear agreement with the West and sanctions remain in place.
Kamran Soltanizadeh, the head of the Iranian Exchangers Association, also mentioned another factor Sunday. He said that the Central Bank of Iran's decision on Saturday to allow exchange offices to buy foreign currencies gained from exports of petrochemicals and minerals helped the rise of the rial against the dollar. He predicted that the rial would further rebound in the following days over the decision.
Rials long decline since early 2018 is to a large extent the result of US sanctions the former US President Donald Trump imposed when he withdrew from the 2015 nuclear deal with Iran. At that time the US dollar was at 35,000 rials and steadily began to rise, ultimately reaching 600,000 last week.
Since November, the US has tightened regulations on dollar transfers by Iraqi banks, from where Iran was smuggling some currency helping it to keep the rial relatively stable. This action further weakened the Iranian currency.
Iraq, whose official trade exchange with Iran amounts to approximately $14 billion a year, has struggled to pay Tehran for its imports of natural gas and electricity due to the US sanctions. Apparently, it decided to pay Iran in Iraqi dinars, which is not a fungible currency except in Iraq itself, and Iran began buying US dollars there and repatriating it. This caused a dollar shortage in Iraq since December and the dinar lost some value.
Ali Shariati, a member of the Iran-Iraq Chamber of Commerce and a businessman, said that when the Islamic Republic is unable to receive its money in dollars, it would be a win to be able to receive the funds in dinars. The Central Bank of Iraq is in control of payments in dinar, but according to the recent negotiations the US is sensitive about its dollars, so Iraq may have paid the Islamic Republic in dinars to avoid strict regulatory sensitivities, he added. He said that the Islamic Republic is not in a situation to choose currencies as one of the reasons behind the jump in the dollar rate was the interruption of the inflow of foreign currency from Iraq.
In February, Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Iraq, Fuad Hussein accompanied by Central Bank of Iraq Governor Ali al-Allaq met with both the State Department and with Treasury to discuss a host of economic issues, but an urgent issue was how to prevent Iran from using Iraq’s banking ties with the United States to launder US dollars and circumvent Washington’s sanctions.
Iran claims its exports to Iraq are on the rise approaching $10 billion despite pressure by the United States on Baghdad to stop money smuggling from the Arab country to Iran.
Local media also said that what began to help the rial was intervention by the Central Bank of Iran when it injected $700 million in UAE dirhams last Sunday, February 26, into the Tehran’s foreign currency market and the rial began to rise from its all-time low of 600,000 against the US dollar.