EU Denounces Harsh Sentence For Iran Rights Activist Mohammadi
Iranian human rights activist Narges Mohammadi.
The European Union has decried a recent sentence for leading human rights campaigner Narges Mohammadi to eight years in prison and over 70 lashes.
In a statement on Sunday, the EU also expressed concern over her poor health, stressing that enforcing the sentence “is against the universal principles of human rights and the rule of law”.
“The EU calls on Iran to comply with its obligations under international law and urgently release Ms. Mohammadi, taking also into account her deteriorating health condition,” a spokesperson said.
On Friday, Human Rights Watch also slammedher arrest, saying that the Islamic Republic is committed to crush any grassroots effort to protect human rights and urged world powers to press Tehran to stop the crackdown.
The rights group said that the recent heavy sentence meted out against Mohammadi shows that Iran’s revolutionary courts are criminalizing human rights activism.
On January 15, Branch 26 of Tehran’s revolutionary court gave her the harsh sentence in a five-minute summary trial that was held behind closed doors while she was denied access to a lawyer.
In a letter from the notorious Gharchak (Qarchak) Prison, obtained by Iran International, Mohammadi said the court stated her nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize as evidence of her criminality.
Mohammadi was arrested in mid-November at the death anniversary of a citizen, Ebrahim Ketabdar, who was shot dead by security forces during the November 2019 protests.
As another Covid-19 wave hit Iran in January, reports say that over 30 members of parliament have contracted the coronavirus and up to ten are hospitalized.
MP Abolfazl Aboutorabi said on Sunday that about 30 lawmakers have been diagnosed with Covid-19 in the past few days.
He said the parliament’s presidium has asked all the lawmakers to get tested for Covid-19 to help curb the spread of the virus.
Alireza Salimi, a member of the presidium, said 10 lawmakers have been hospitalized with complications, while another MP has said that paqrliament members attended the Saturday session although they were tested positive for the virus.
Iran's Health Minister Bahram Einollahi announced the start of the sixth wave of the coronavirus pandemic in the country on Thursday as hospitals report increasing number of referrals related to the highly infectious Omicron variant.
“Unfortunately, we should declare that we have practically stepped into the sixth wave with the rise in hospitalization and outpatient cases,” Einollahi said, urging people to get booster shots.
Epidemiologists say the number of patients will increase fivefold each week, with the number of daily fatalities also rising.
Alireza Zali, the head of Tehran's Covid-19 taskforce, has said the Omicron variant is 64 percent more contagious than the Delta mutation, noting that tests are often unable to detect Omicron because of its similarity to common cold.
Iran has announced it will reinstitute a buy-out scheme for the country’s compulsory military service, but only affluent people can afford the fees mentioned.
According to parliament’s budget review committee spokesman on Saturday, the scheme has received preliminary approval and if it is adopted, Iranian men can buy out their military service as of the next Iranian year starting March 21.
The new plan only includes the absentees who are over 35 years old or at least eight years have passed from their conscription due date, the prices differing based on the levels of education, with those with higher education having to pay higher fees.
The new rates start at 2.5 billion rials (nearly $10,000 at today’s rates) and goes up to 6 billion rials, which are about 11 to 24 times more than the last time the government allowed such exemptions. Average salaries in Iran are about $200 a month.
The option to buy out of the draft was removed from regulations about three years ago because even then only wealthy families could afford it for their sons through paying absence fines.
According to Iran’s constitution, all men over 18 years old must serve in the military for about two years otherwise they cannot apply for a passport to leave the country.
Earlier in the month, a member of the budget committee said that all expats who haven’t served their compulsory conscription can pay €15,000 ($17,000) to buy their freedom.
A conservative Iranian lawmaker has warned of massive uprisings in the country if the economic situation keeps deteriorating in the coming months.
Criticizing President Ebrahim Raisi’s decision to slash food subsidies, Ahmad Naderi said on Sunday that the government is on the wrong path on some issues.
He said that Raisi’s proposed reforms in the next year’s budget can endanger the entire Islamic Republic regime.
Raisi has been pushing to end cheap dollars allocated by the government to importers of essential food and medicine, as it faces a huge budget deficit.
Naderi also slammed the policies of former president Hassan Rouhani, saying that Raisi’s government cannot bring about miracles and undo “the catastrophes” that happened during eight years of Rouhani’s “neoliberal administration” in several months, but the new government should be in the right track.
“I warn that if these approaches continue, we will reach a point where we will see great social upheavals”, he said.
Workers and employees from various economic sectors, including teachers, nurses, firefighters, and even staff members of the judiciary department, hold regular protest rallies or strikes to demand better working conditions and salaries.
Food prices have risen by more than 60 percent in recent months, on top of high inflation in the previous three years, while the government is unable to sufficiently boost wages as United States sanctions impede full capacity oil exports and international trade.
‘Maximum pressure’ sanctions by the United States have clearly failed, Iran’s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei declared Sunday, quoting the US State Department.
Calling sanctions an “economic assault” Khamenei said that it caused some hardship for the people “but production did not buckle and the spokesman of America’s foreign ministry a few days ago frankly and explicitly announced that the maximum pressure policy has turned into a humiliating defeat for America.”
Khamenei was quoting State Department spokesman Ned Price who in his press briefing on January 25 said, “The maximum pressure campaign was an abject failure,” adding that former president Donald Trump’s policy did not change Iran’s behavior.
Iran’s economy went into a tailspin in 2018, when Trump withdrew from the 2015 nuclear agreement and imposed tough sanctions. Inflation skyrocketed and government budget deficits soared. The sanctions also impacted Iran’s proxy forces in the region, but they continued their destabilizing operations, although they could have been more effective without the sanctions.
In a speech to managers of Iran’s industrial and economic sectors Khamenei reiterated his ideology of self-reliance and called for “economic jihad” in defiance of sanctions, although he admitted that Iran’s economy performed very poorly in the last decade. At the same time, he claimed victory against US sanctions, that he said were meant to foment dissatisfaction among the people.
But as usual, the Supreme Leader blamed presidential administrations instead of the political and economic systems he presides over and his own policy of perpetually confronting the West and regional countries which have good ties with the United States.
Iran’s centralized economy plagued by corruption and mismanagement, as well as under the pressure of oil export sanctions has had zero growth in the past decade. Even before nuclear sanctions kicked in from 2011, its growth on average was anemic at under 3 percent since the early 1980s.
But Khamenei who has been in power since 1989, increasingly relied on loyal hardliners, and resorted to political persecutions and engineered elections instead of allowing a more accountable political system to take root. At the same time, insiders and the military took over the state-run economy using oil export revenues to perpetuate an unproductive system, as they enriched themselves.
In his speech Khamenei expressed disappointment at low GDP growth, lack of investments, a fast-growing liquidity problem leading to inflation and other serious problems the country faces. He emphasized however, that these difficulties are not just due to sanctions but also an outcome of “wrong decisions or lack of effort.”
He then mentioned a series of problems facing Iran’s domestic production sector, such as low quality of products, highlighting the auto industry which has been blamed for high fatalities in road accidents recently. Nevertheless, he reiterated that self-reliance should be the motto.
Khamenei and other insiders in the Islamic Republic system fail to understand or acknowledge that a modern economy can only grow with less government interference, more interaction with other economies, investments and competition. But the Supreme Leader’s domestic quest to reward supporters and continue a confrontational foreign policy, as well as a nuclear program with military ambitions foreclose paths toward economic success.
Iranian parliament's budget review committee has rejected President Ebrahim Raisi's reform to eliminate the cheap dollar subsidy for importing essential goods.
The decision can add to the government’s huge budget deficit as United States sanctions impede full capacity oil exports and international trade.
The committee's spokesman, Rahim Zare, told reporters Saturday that the committee did not approve the reform because the draft budget bill was ambiguous, and the government has not provided a written proposal to explain how it will make up for the removal of subsidized dollar.
The subsidized rate which is usually referred to as the "preferential rate", was introduced by the administration of President Hassan Rouhani when the national currency began to lose value in early 2018 and food prices began to climb. The cheap dollars are provided to importers at 42,000 rials, instead of the current free market rate of around 280,000 rials to one US dollar.
The government has spent a minimum of $8 billion a year since April 2018 to finance subsidized essential imports. The subsidy weighs heavily on Iran’s depleted reserves.
Eliminating the “cheap dollar’ subsidy would raise prices of essential goods by five to six times, economists and critics have said, but would also help make up for some of the huge budget deficit the government faces amid US sanctions.
The ad hoc administrative budget bill review committee known as Talfiq (Reconciliation) Committee, consists of members of the Planning, Budget, and Auditing Committee, and representatives of other committees. The committee presents its report on the bill to the parliament for further considerations and assessment.
Zare said the committee has decided to allocate $9b at the 42,000 rial rate to importing medicine, medical equipment and other essential goods excluding wheat. Instead, the committee has decided to allocate a budget to increase the purchase price of wheat paid to domestic farmers.
In the current year, according to Zare, the government has spent around $15b for importing essential goods. This is far higher than figures mentioned by officials in previous years.
The parliament in November delayed a bill to amend the current fiscal year's budget law (ending March 20) that would have replaced the subsidy with monthly cash handouts of 1.1 million rials (less than $4) to 60 million low-income Iranians. This meant the government should resort to inflationary measures, such as borrowing from the Central Bank, to remedy the current year's budget deficit this year.
The committee has also rejected the government's request to be allowed to slash the amount it is required to pay the National Development Fund (NDF) from oil sales by half to finance its budget next year. According to the NDF charter, 40 percent of oil revenues should be saved by the government in the fund for investment on productive economic activities that would guarantee the welfare of future generations. NFD is a sovereign wealth fund.
Zare said the committee rejected the proposal because the government did not have the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei’s authorization to cut back its 40 percent contribution to the NDF but the proposal can be reconsidered if the government acquires such permission before the budget bill's final ratification by the parliament.
A possible agreement in the Vienna nuclear talks and reduction of US sanctions could go a long way to help the government to overcome its financial woes by increasing revenues from oil exports. In recent days, there has also been talk of unfreezing billions of dollars of assets in South Korea and other countries including Iraq.
President Ebrahim Raisi's presented his budget bill for the next Iranian calendar and fiscal year (beginning March 21) on December 12. He told the parliament that the reform was a pivotal element of the bill. The bill estimated oil exports of 1.2 million barrels per day at an average price of $60. Iran has increased its illicit oil exports since early 2021 because of apparently less vigorous enforcement by the Biden Administration.
